Euro-area yields stabilise; Italy trades inside 110bps vs Bunds
AAA yields are spot rates from the ECB-published euro-area AAA sovereign curve; deposit rate is the ECB policy rate. Country-level yields below are monthly averages (ECB convergence criterion).
Borrowing costs across the AAA curve
Tracking the Eurozone AAA-rated government yield curve — dominated by Bunds plus other triple-A issuers — alongside the ECB deposit facility rate. Daily spot yields, shown here as monthly end-of-month snapshots.
10-year yields across the big four
Long-term bond yields for Germany, France, Italy and Spain — the four largest euro-area issuers. Spreads are measured against the Bund, the safe-haven benchmark. Rates shown are Maastricht convergence-criterion monthly averages.
| Country | 10Y yield | vs Bund | Debt/GDP |
|---|
Eurozone total debt position
General government consolidated gross debt for the euro area (EA20), reported quarterly by Eurostat. Typical ~3-month reporting lag.
Where the debt really sits
Annual debt-to-GDP for the four largest economies, plus the Eurozone aggregate, since 2006. The periphery–core gap widened through the eurozone crisis, narrowed pre-COVID, then reopened.
Annual debt/GDP by country
Full annual series since 2006 — Eurozone aggregate plus the big four.
| Year | Eurozone | Germany | France | Italy | Spain |
|---|